Resources

This book list may be helpful in writing for people outside of your specialty:

Am I Making Myself Clear? A Scientist's Guide to Talking to the Public (Cornelia Dean)

Bird by Bird: Some Instructions on Writing and Life (Anne Lamott)

Championing Science: Communicating Your Ideas to Decision Makers (Roger D. Aines, Amy L. Aines)

Chemistry in Primetime and Online: Communicating Chemistry in Informal Environments  (National Research Council) Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011.

Connection (Randy Olson)

Don't Be Such a Scientist (Randy Olson)

The Elements of Grammar (Margaret Shertzer)

The Elements of Style (William Strunk and E. B. White)

Escape from the Ivory Tower: A Guide to Making Your Science Matter (Nancy Baron)

Getting to the Heart of Science Communication (Faith Kearns)

Houston, We Have a Narrative (Randy Olson)

On Writing Well (William Zinsser)

Science Writer's Essay Handbook (Michelle Nijhuis)

Science Communication for Scientists: Linking Strategy with Creativity, Practice, and Respect (Laura Lindenfeld, John C. Besley, Xia Zheng, Anthony Dudo, and Todd P. Newman).

Style: Toward Clarity and Grace (Joseph M. Williams)

Writing to Persuade (Trish Hall)

The following are useful guides to professional and academic writing:

The Art of Scientific Storytelling (Rafael Luna)

How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper (Robert A. Day and Barbara Gastel)

Writing Science: How to Write Papers that Get Cited and Proposals that Get Funded (Joshua Schimel)

These resources may prove to be useful in helping you prepare presentations and think about how to communicate with various audiences:

The ACS Style Guide (Janet S. Dodd): information about giving presentations, writing papers, and preparing posters for the American Chemical Society. Check with someone in your own field to find a comparable resource.

Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science

Am I Making Myself Clear? A Scientist's Guide to Talking to the Public (Cornelia Dean)

The Art of Scientific Storytelling (Rafael Luna)

Championing Science: Communicating Your Ideas to Decision Makers (Roger D. Aines, Amy L. Aines)

Chemistry in Primetime and Online: Communicating Chemistry in Informal Environments  (National Research Council) Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011.

The Craft of Scientific Presentations: Critical Steps to Succeed and Critical Errors to Avoid (Michael Alley)

Connection (Randy Olson)

Don't Be Such a Scientist (Randy Olson)

Escape from the Ivory Tower: A Guide to Making Your Science Matter (Nancy Baron)

Getting to the Heart of Science Communication (Faith Kearns)

Houston, We Have a Narrative (Randy Olson)

If I Understood You, Would I Have This Look on My Face? (Alan Alda)

Presence: Bringing Your Boldest Self to Your Biggest Challenges (Amy Cuddy)

Science Communication for Scientists: Linking Strategy with Creativity, Practice, and Respect (Laura Lindenfeld, John C. Besley, Xia Zheng, Anthony Dudo, and Todd P. Newman).

TED Talks: The Official TED Guide to Public Speaking (Chris Anderson)

The sources for the improvisation exercises and underlying approaches used in our workshops and courses include:

Applied Improvisation: Leading, Collaborating, and Creating Beyond the Theatre (Theresa Robbins Dudeck and Caitlin McClure, eds.)

The Applied Improvisation Mindset: Tools for Transforming Organizations and Communities (Theresa Robbins Dudeck and Caitlin McClure, eds.)

Free Play: Improvisation in Life and Art (Stephen Nachmanovitch)

If I Understood You, Would I Have This Look on My Face? My Adventures in the Art and Science of Relating and Communicating (Alan Alda)

Impro: Improvisation and the Theatre (Keith Johnstone)

Improv for Democracy: How to Bridge Differences and Develop the Communication and Leadership Skills Our World Needs (Don Waisanen)

Improvisation for the Theatre (Viola Spolin)

Yes, And: Lessons from the Second City--How Improvisation Reverses "No, But" Thinking and Improves Creativity and Collaboration (Kelly Leonard and Tom Yorton; Harper Business)

Thanks to graduate student researchers who take the time to communicate their work, we are able to offer some STEM educational resources:

For five activities based on Elin Kelsey and Soyeon Kim's book You Are Stardust, visit this website created by Virginia Tech graduate students Rachel Nunn and Tricia Rushing. Book and activities appropriate for kindergarten through third graders.

For ten short science videos accompanied by activity guides in both Spanish and English, see our Girls Launch! "Science Videos for KIDS" playlist. Activity guides and videos appropriate for early elementary school aged children.

Communicating Science students who presented with the Virginia Tech Science Festival have some fun videos, including

• Inside Out: How We Develop, Control, and Express Our Emotions Every Day
• The Scoop on Honeybee Poop!
• Are Freshwater Fish in Danger from a Changing Climate?

For fun, engaging, and snappy summaries of research on a wide variety of topics, check out the Nutshell Games videos! These 90-second, graduate student lightning talks are aimed at a public audience, and there's always a 7th grader on the judging panel;  these brief peeks at research projects are appropriate for middle and high school students. To glimpse these graduate researchers in their "natural environments", browse the special-edition 2020 Nutshell Games.

Sometimes communicating science methods defy categorization. For those interested in how the CCS innovates, we compile videos of many of our activities as playlists on our YouTube channel! Here are some of the highlights:

• From an aerialist fighting climate change to dancing for civil engineers, artists and scientists combine for creative communication tactics. The CCS calls these collaborations SciArt.
• Scroll through our Best Practices playlist, with behind-the-scenes insights into the center's K-12 programming and the history of the center along with expert takes on culturally relevant communication and communicating data.
• Some of our stories are so nice, they get told twice! Virginia Tech News has covered events such as our Faculty Nutshell Talks, Pandemic Research in a Nutshell, and Flip the Fair, adding their unique voice to the science communication conversation.
• Haven't gotten enough science communication videos? Our Featuring the Center for Communicating Science playlist brings together videos from across YouTube that have involved the CCS. You'll find an assortment of webinars, news videos, and even a TEDx talk from the Director, Patty Raun!

Center for Communicating Science director Patty Raun offers the following ideas for effective communication:

• Listen to and involve your communication partners. Foster their curiosity and be curious about them.
• Know the people you want to connect to–-and remember there is no “general audience.” There are individuals and groups of people who’ve been as committed to the things they believe to be important as you are to your work. Find something you have in common.
• The environment, proximity, lighting, and visuals impact our perceptions of what is being communicated and what is possible to communicate.
• Non-verbal communication matters, and about 93 percent of what is received is non-verbal.
• Use shared words and language that can be understood. Clarify and simplify your messages.
• It is most effective to make your communication personal. Share your humanity, joys, frustrations, errors, and struggles–-because emotional connection is more powerful than logic.
• Tell your story. “A story is the shortest distance between two people.”
• To bring underrepresented groups into the conversation, be present in communities outside of your field–-not as a “presenter” but as a person.
• Remember, the majority of people trust you and your expertise, so you don’t have to be defensive.
• Improving science communication requires practice of specific skills, including listening and being personal, direct, spontaneous, and responsive. 
  

The Tech Writing Center is a free writing assistance service for students, faculty, and staff at Virginia Tech. Find details here.

Graduate and undergraduate students at the Virginia Tech CommLab are available to help students with public speaking. For more information, click here.

The Virginia Tech Media Relations team works to connect university communicators, faculty, and campus newsmakers with the media. They facilitate media training workshops, provide interview tips,  and maintain a television and radio studio in the Center for the Arts.   

Departments across Virginia Tech offer a wide variety of graduate courses related to communicating within specific professions, including grant writing, scholarly writing and presenting, and more. Some colleges on campus offer programs tailored to improving communication in various audiences, such as the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences' Graduate Teaching Scholars and Graduate Extension Scholars programs, both aimed at helping graduate students "translate the science," says GTS coordinator Donna Westfall-Rudd.

Below you'll find a list of graduate courses offered at Virginia Tech and related to communicating science. If you know of programs and courses that should be listed here, please let us know!

STAT 5024 - Effective Communication in Statistical Consulting

Communication skills necessary to be effective interdisciplinary statistical collaborators. Explaining and presenting statistical concepts to a non-statistical audience, helping scientists answer their research questions, and managing an effective statistical collaboration meeting.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ADV 5554 - Health Communication Campaigns

Theory, practice, and effects of health communication campaigns on human behavior, society, and public policy. 

Credit Hour(s): 3

ENGL 5464 - Introduction to Medical Humanities

Introduction to the medical humanities. Literary inquiry as narrative medicine, medicine and literature, literary bioethics, medical rhetoric, and cultural studies of medicine.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ENGL 5624 - Cultural Rhetorics

Examination of theoretical and practical issues pertaining to writing and designing for intercultural and/or international audiences.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ENGL 5664 - Theory & Research in Tech Comm

Key theories, methods, strategies, genres, and modes of written and multimedia technical communication and information design. Intellectual history of the field and its relation to contributing disciplines. Economic, political, cultural, and ethical contexts of technical communication.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ENGL 5674 - Rhetoric of Science, Technology, and Medicine

Analysis of the historical and philosophical development of the field of rhetoric of science and technology through benchmark publications; examination of scientific texts and technologies as objects of rhetorical criticism.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ENGL 6344 - Rhetoric in Digital Environments

Study of the uses of digital media in research, information development and sharing, and advocacy regarding public issues.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ALS 5094 - Effective Grant Writing for the Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences

The grant writing process and developing student skills for successful grant writing to support research enterprises. Students will prepare a mock research grant proposal for obtaining funds from the National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, or the US Department of Agriculture and participate in panel review of grant proposals of peers.

Credit Hour(s): 1

ALS 5334 - Professional Communication Agriculture & Life Sciences

Principles of, and skill development in, academic communication to enhance professional preparation in the agricultural and life sciences.

Credit Hour(s): 1

BMVS 5094 (CHEM 5094) - Grant Writing and Ethics

A framework for writing clear, concise grant proposals in a team-oriented, multicisciplinary approach from concept development through submission to a funding agency. Potential ethical dilemmas that may arise in academic, industrial, or federal research settings will be discussed. PRE: Undergraduate courses in one of the following: organic chemistry (CHEM 2565/2566), cell and molecular biology (BIOL 2104), Concepts of Biochemistry (BCHM 2024), or equivalent. 

Credit Hour(s): 3

FST 5094 - Grant Writing and Ethics

A framework for writing clear, concise grant proposals in a team-oriented, multidisciplinary approach from concept development through submission to a funding agency. Potential ethical dilemmas that may arise in academic, industrial, or federal research settings will be discussed. PRE: Undergraduate courses in one of the following: organic chemistry (CHEM 2565/2566), cell & molecular biology (BIOL 2104), Concepts of Biochemistry (BCHM 2024), or equivalent. 

Credit Hour(s): 3

HD 5654 - Grant Development and Administration in Human Development

Overview of the methods and procedures for developing competitive grant proposals. Students learn basic grant writing skills that include identifying and seeking funding sources, preparing a fundable grant proposal, building a budget, and managing a funded project. Portfolio project: Development of actual grant proposal for an organization or special project.

Credit Hour(s): 3

ALCE 5304G - Community Education and Development

Comprehensive examination of community education and development. Community/sustainable community development, strategies for mobilizing social change in/with communities. Explore participatory, popular, and community-based education from rural and urban settings. Globalization, sustainability, and social movement discourses with emphasis on agricultural, health, and food system examples. 

Credit Hour(s): 3

ALCE 5884 - Social Change Communication

Examines social change communication (SCC) from historical, contemporary, theoretical, and applied perspectives, including interactions with cultural, gender, youth, agricultural, environmental, and rural development issues. Provides the opportunity to explore, assess, and apply communication strategies, approaches, and media campaigns to promote and advance social and behavioral change in international, developing country contexts.

Credit Hour(s): 3

FIW 5464G - Advanced Human Dimensions of Fisheries and Wildlife

Values, attitudes and opinions of people towards fish and wildlife. Social, economic, legal and political aspects of fisheries and wildlife management. Roles of professionals and the public in fish and wildlife policy processes. Contemporary fish and wildlife policy issues. 

Credit Hour(s): 3

HNFE 5254 - Program Development in Health Education

Theory, trends, and design of community health education programs implemented in communities, health agencies, hospitals, and industry.

Credit Hour(s): 3

MACR 5024 - Writing Skills in Macromolecular Science and Engineering

This course focuses on methods and critiques for preparing technical abstracts, conference proceedings, technical industrial reports, refereed journal manuscripts and resumes.

Credit Hour(s): 1

PAPA 5614 (STS 5614) - Introduction to Science and Technology Policy

Strategies for science and technology policy; science education; scientific and technical information for societal uses; government and public policy; resource allocation; economy and global exchanges of science and technology; approaches to policy evaluation.

Credit Hour(s): 3

UAP 5584 (GIA 5584) (PSCI 5584) - Environmental Politics and Policy

Course provides a broad introduction to the key ideas, actors and institutions related to environmental politics and policy in the United States, with some coverage of global issues. It is intended to provide students with basic interdisciplinary knowledge and an intellectual framework for understanding and thinking critically about environmental politics and policy.

Credit Hour(s): 3

PSCI 5104 (SPIA 5104) (STS 5104) - Policy Gateway: Policy and Decision Making in Scientific Domains

Key concepts in policy making, including policy analysis and decision making in complex social and technical settings. Policy process theories and evaluation tools. Concepts of governance including public values, ethics, and variable impacts across communities. Relationships among public policy decision processes and science, technology, and engineering, including disciplinary norms. Pre: Graduate standing.

Credit Hour(s): 3

COMM 5024 - Quantitative Methods in Communication

Theoretical traditions and assumptions of quantitative inquiry in the communication discipline. Hypothesis generation; research design, data collection and analysis. Ethical issues, style conventions, and standards for establishing reliability and validity. Open science practices. Distinctive contributions of quantitative research to communication theory and practice. 

Credit Hour(s): 3

ADS 5224 - Communication in Team-based Data Science

Oral, written, and visual communication skills required to plan, oversee, and execute end-to-end data science projects. Informal and formal communication in team environments. Translating between business/research/policy and data science. Effective data visualization. Communication factors (active listening, feedback, linguistic, nonverbal) to engage with stakeholders. Communicating beyond the numbers: ethical, cross-cultural, societal, and organizational aspects of data technology.

Credit Hour(s): 3

CL 5424 - Climate Communications: Politics, People, and Connection

Fundamental concepts, theory, and language of climate communication issues. Effects of threat-based messages on climate engagement. Climate communications and the "Six Americas." Behavioral change through climate communications. Communications in community-based social marketing for climate action. Climate communication approaches used by politicians, experts, communities, and the media. Communication and the origins of disagreement and polarization around climate change. Restricted to Virtual Campus students.

Credit Hour(s): 3

GEOS 5044 - Writing and Communication in Geosciences

Introduction and overview of scientific communication strategies, in written, oral, and visual forms, aimed at a variety of audiences in geosciences. Scientific writing skills and strategies for geoscience venues. Structure and mechanics of writing and other forms of communication in geosciences. Effective diagrams for presentations and publications. Digital communication strategies. Ethical principles in geoscience communication. Pre: Graduate Standing.

Credit Hour(s): 2

NR 5854 - Leadership Communication for Sustainability Professionals

Persuasive communication and communication for collaboration within teams and within and across organizations focused on sustainability topics. Influence skills such as emotional intelligence, self-awareness, empathy, active listening, influence without authority. Professional communication best practices, including framing and presentation skills. Personalized plan to develop communication competencies. Restricted to Virtual Campus students.

Credit Hour(s): 3

Departments across Virginia Tech offer courses that combine communication and science, from English and Journalism to Dairy Science and Statistics. If you're wanting a more cohesive science communication curricular experience, check out the Communicating and Engaging with Science minor. The eight-course minor covers three different pathways and offers a  collaborative capstone class.

Below you'll find a list of undergraduate courses offered at Virginia Tech and related to communicating science. If you know of programs and courses that should be listed here, please let us know!

ALCE 3624 - Communicating Agriculture & Life Sciences in Writing

Development of communication skills necessary to deal with the general public and audiences in the food, agriculture, and natural resources fields. Emphasis on writing and on creation of a portfolio including multiple types of written communication.

ALCE 3634 - Communicating Agriculture & Life Sciences in Speaking

Development of strategies and techniques for effective oral communication in the professions related to food, agriculture, and natural resources. Emphasis on oral, visual, and interpersonal communication, as well as group leadership and meeting management.

AT 0144 -  Communication Skills

Written and oral communication skills, including business and technical writing, public speaking, and interpersonal communication. Instruction and practice in the application of communication skills for business and agriculture. Emphasis on effective use of word processing and email software; AT majors only.

COMM 2024 - Media Writing

Writing and information gathering skills including news, features, press releases, and advertising copy for broadcast, print and public relations media. Sophomore Standing Required.

Prerequisite(s): COMM 1016 or ENGL 1106 or ENGL 1204H

PR 2044 - Principles of Public Relations

Principles of public relations practice; public relations in organizations; responsibilities of the public relations practitioner; legal and ethical considerations; role of public relations in society; history of the field and key people who influenced its development; choosing appropriate communication channels/media.

ADV 2134 - Intro to Health Communication

Introduction to health communication with a focus on current issues and perspectives, including patient-provider communication, cultural conceptions of health and illness, media portrayals of health, communication in health organizations, health communication theories, information technologies in health communication, ethical considerations, and health promotion campaigns.

CMST 3064 - Persuasion

Theoretical foundations of persuasion; techniques of persuasion; contemporary persuasive practice and campaigns; persuasive media strategies. Junior standing required.

Prerequisite(s): COMM 1014

PR 3144 - Writing and Editing for PR

Advanced writing and editing used to structure and present information in the practice of public relations. Includes message development, message design for delivery through various media, copyediting skills and tools, and strategies for dissemination.

Prerequisite(s): COMM 2024

JMC 3154 - Multimedia Reporting

Multimedia news gathering, news writing, audio/visual storytelling, and news judgment for the print and online media. Consideration of professional strategies and standards for reporters, including legal and ethical issues.

Prerequisite(s): COMM 2024 and (COMM 2034 or JMC 2034)

JMC 4064 - Social Media Analytics

Introduction to analytic techniques for social media platforms. Quantitative and qualitative analytic techniques. Design, implementation, and analysis of experimental and observational studies of how people use and engage with social media platforms and how platforms themselves can be used to drive engagement with content. History and trending topics in social media use. Ethical issues involving social media and big data.

Prerequisite(s): COMM 2124

DASC 2664 - Professional Discourse and Career Development

 Emphasis on writing and speaking skills for livestock industry or post-baccalaureate education. Self-marketing, job acquisition, press relations, and conduct of meetings and labor management techniques.

DASC 4664 - Translating Dairy Science

Analysis and interpretation of peer-reviewed literature in dairy science. Focus on dairy industry issues discussed in social media. Critical reasoning, information synthesis, and oral and written discourse. Paper presentations and discussion. Pre: Senior Standing.

Prerequisite(s): DASC 2664

ENGL 2844 - Introduction to Professional and Technical Writing

Foundations of professional and technical writing and its functions in workplace settings. Practice with problem solving and decision making, audience analysis, document design, usability, and inclusive and ethical documentation, individually and in teams. Practice writing workplace genres such as proposals, reports, and correspondence. Analyze how writing elements such as design, language choices, and diverse data sources affect a document’s usability for different audiences.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1106 or COMM 1016

ENGL 3734 - Community Writing

Introduction to the theory and practice of managing service- learning writing projects in schools, community centers, retirement communities, and public libraries. Survey of best practices in creative writing pedagogy and in creating sustainable community partnerships.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 2744

ENGL 4804 - Grant Proposals and Reports

This course prepares students to write effective proposals, reports, and informational articles. Students learn to define and write problem statements, program objectives, plans of action, evaluation plans, budget presentations, and summaries. In addition, they sharpen their teamwork, editing, writing, audience awareness, and design skills as they engage in collaborative projects with campus and/or non-profit organizations in the community. Prerequisite or consent of the instructor is required.

Prerequisite(s): ENGL 1106 or COMM 1016

HNFE 3224 - Communicating with Food

Development of oral and written communication skills to communicate food and nutrition information to diverse populations.

Prerequisite(s): (HNFE 2014 or HNFE 2014H) and (HNFE 3024 or HNFE 2224)

HUM 3204 - Multicultural Communication

Exploration of communication in and among various cultural groups through an examination of communicative practices, registers, discourse, and performance. Emphasis on understanding cultural differences and similarities in the different styles and stances in communication and their meanings to participants.

STS 1504 - Intro to Science, Tech, and Society

Examination of the interrelationship among science, technology, and society. Study of how science, technology, and medicine are defined and analyzed by the humanities and social sciences. Examination of topics, theories, and methods of the field of Science and Technology Studies. Depiction of the dynamics of scientific and technological controversies including the roles knowledge, expertise, risk, rhetoric and public understanding play in policy making.

STAT 4024 - Communication in Statistical Collaborations

Communication skills necessary to be effective interdisciplinary statistical collaborators. Explaining and presenting statistical concepts to a non-statistical audience, helping scientists answer their research questions, and managing an effective statistical collaboration meeting.

Prerequisite(s): STAT 4214 and STAT 4204

New in 2019, the Advanced Research Skills program provides students with online modules that teach research skills, including writing successful proposals and sharing one's research through poster presentations and ePortfolios.

Michael Stamper, University Libraries at Virginia Tech's data visualization designer, transforms faculty and student clients’ complex research data into vibrant, interactive, and dynamic visualizations to better communicate the findings to a broad audience. Contact Stamper at mstamper@vt.edu for more information.

This project, started by then-NPR producer Madeline Sofia and NPR science correspondent Joe Palca, is now run out of Boston University. The program helps scientists build skills and connect with one another; it also provides both peer and professional mentorship. It helps scientists get published outside academia in online blogs (i.e., Scientific American, Vox, NPR), offers career advice, holds 1-hour video mentor chats hosted by SciComm professionals, focuses on the issues of STEM inclusion and diversity, and helps you stay connected with other SciCommers. Check out the SciCommers website!

The Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science at Stony Brook University trains scientists and health professionals to communicate more effectively with the public, public officials, the media, and others outside their disciplines. For more about exciting work at the AACCS, click here.

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have created a tool to help people develop and assess public communication materials. The CDC Clear Communication Index is available here.

To help translate science into "plain language," the Centers for Disease Control have made available a guide titled Everyday Words for Public Health Communication, which is available here.

The American Association for the Advancement of Science provides a "communication toolkit," available here. Its Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion provides resources to help facilitate dialogue between scientific and religious communities on science, technology, and society.

In 2010 the Plain Writing Act was signed into law. At plainwriting.gov, an official website of the U.S. government, you can find guidelines for understanding your audience, writing clearly and concisely, organizing your information, keeping your writing conversational, and more. 

In 2017, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) launched a new service called SciLine. SciLine connects scientists to journalists and other communicators and provides accessible summaries of  newsworthy scientific advances. 

In 2012, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) hosted a colloquium titled "The Science of Science Communication." In 2017, the NAS published "Communicating Science Effectively: A Research Agenda." The NAS also operates a Standing Committee for Advancing Science Communication.  

The Science and Entertainment Exchange, a project launched by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), matches scientists with film and television directors and producers to provide information and guidance during screenwriting and production.

In partnership with the Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation, in 2022-2023 Research!America conducted an in-depth mapping of the public engagement training landscape in the United States and created an interactive dashboard that provides a dynamic window into the rapidly developing field of training in public engagement.

"The rapid spread of misinformation and disinformation can erode public trust in science and undermine sound decision-making informed by research and evidence," says LabX, a National Academy of Sciences program.  "The National Academies have launched a new resource to showcase our extensive body of work on how to counter misinformation and improve science communication. Check it out here."

The Science Public Engagement Partnership, or SciPEP, is a partnership between the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science and The Kavli Foundation that has explored the latest research and insights around communicating basic, discovery science with diverse audiences. Download its 60-page 2024 report, Insights and Practical Considerations for Communicating Basic Science, at this link.

Trust is important. If you're committed to building, maintaining, and repairing relationships of trust in your organization and with the groups and communities you serve, check out Spitfire's  Replenishing trust: Civil society’s guide to reversing the trust deficit™.

... strategic, cumulative, reciprocal, reflexive, equitable, and evidence-based! The Long Term Ecological Research Network (LTERN) designed a six-part framework for public engagement with science, shortened to SCRREE. To learn more about each part of the framework, take a look at LTERN's six accompanying briefs.